http://journals.cambridge.org/actio...ine&aid=9016489



British Journal of Nutrition

British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 110 / Issue 07 / October 2013, pp 1178-1187
Copyright © The Authors 2013
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114513000548 (About DOI), Published online: 07 May 2013

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Table of Contents - 14 October 2013 - Volume 110, Issue 07


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Systematic review with meta-analysis

v. low-fat diet for long-term weight loss: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Nassib Bezerra Buenoa1 c1, Ingrid Sofia Vieira de Meloa1, Suzana Lima de Oliveiraa1and Terezinha da Rocha Ataidea1

a1 Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus A. C. Simões, BR 104 Norte, Km 97, 57.072-970 Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió, AL, Brazil
Abstract
The role of very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets (VLCKD) in the long-term management of obesity is not well established. The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether individuals assigned to a VLCKD (i.e. a diet with no more than 50 g carbohydrates/d) achieve better long-term body weight and cardiovascular risk factor management when compared with individuals assigned to a conventional low-fat diet (LFD; i.e. a restricted-energy diet with less than 30 % of energy from fat). Through August 2012, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, ScienceDirect, Scopus, LILACS, SciELO, ClinicalTrials.gov and grey literature databases were searched, using no date or language restrictions, for randomised controlled trials that assigned adults to a VLCKD or a LFD, with 12 months or more of follow-up. The primary outcome was body weight. The secondary outcomes were TAG, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glucose, insulin, HbA1c and C-reactive protein levels. A total of thirteen studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. In the overall analysis, five outcomes revealed significant results. Individuals assigned to a VLCKD showed decreased body weight (weighted mean difference − 0·91 (95 % CI − 1·65, − 0·17) kg, 1415 patients), TAG (weighted mean difference − 0·18 (95 % CI − 0·27, − 0·08) mmol/l, 1258 patients) and diastolic blood pressure (weighted mean difference − 1·43 (95 % CI − 2·49, − 0·37) mmHg, 1298 patients) while increased HDL-C (weighted mean difference 0·09 (95 % CI 0·06, 0·12) mmol/l, 1257 patients) and LDL-C (weighted mean difference 0·12 (95 % CI 0·04, 0·2) mmol/l, 1255 patients). Individuals assigned to a VLCKD achieve a greater weight loss than those assigned to a LFD in the long term; hence, a VLCKD may be an alternative tool against obesity.
(Received November 07 2012)
(Revised January 24 2013)
(Accepted January 28 2013)
(Online publication May 07 2013)

Key Words:
Cardiovascular risk factors;
Low-carbohydrate diets;
Meta-analysis;
Obesity;
Weight loss

Correspondence
c1 Corresponding author: N. B. Bueno, email nassibbb~hotmail.com

Footnotes
Abbreviations: DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL-C, HDL-cholesterol; LDL-C, LDL-cholesterol; LFD, low-fat diet; SBP, systolic blood pressure; VLCKD, very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet; WMD, weighted mean differences

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I am really, really surprised that none of the organizations have ever approached low carb forums like here for their "metadata" to determine the efficacy of long-term VLCKD. We, as a group,have even provided lab results.

To them, we are ALL n=1.

Great article. Thank you for sharing.

I think Dr. Westman did a survey-based study a few years ago on this site. (I know somebody did, just not sure if it was him or someone else).