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  #1   ^
Old Tue, Feb-05-19, 03:15
nawchem's Avatar
nawchem nawchem is offline
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Default Fasting ramps up human metabolism

Fasting ramps up human metabolism, study shows
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releas...90131113934.htm

Date:
January 31, 2019
Source:
Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Graduate University
Summary:
Research uncovers previously unknown effects of fasting, including notably increased metabolic activity and possible anti-aging effects.

Fasting may help people lose weight, but new research suggests going without food may also boost human metabolic activity, generate antioxidants, and help reverse some effects of aging. Scientists at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) and Kyoto University identified 30 previously-unreported substances whose quantity increases during fasting and indicate a variety of health benefits.

"We have been researching aging and metabolism for many years and decided to search for unknown health effects in human fasting," said Dr. Takayuki Teruya, first author of the paper and a technician in the OIST G0 Cell Unit, led by Prof. Mitsuhiro Yanagida. "Contrary to the original expectation, it turned out that fasting induced metabolic activation rather actively."

The study, published January 29, 2019 in Scientific Reports, presents an analysis of whole human blood, plasma, and red blood cells drawn from four fasting individuals. The researchers monitored changing levels of metabolites -- substances formed during the chemical processes that grant organisms energy and allow them to grow. The results revealed 44 metabolites, including 30 that were previously unrecognized, that increased universally among subjects between 1.5- to 60-fold within just 58 hours of fasting.

In previous research, the G0 Cell Unit identified various metabolites whose quantities decline with age, including three known as leucine, isoleucine, and ophthalmic acid. In fasting individuals, these metabolites increase in level, suggesting a mechanism by which fasting could help increase longevity.

"These are very important metabolites for maintenance of muscle and antioxidant activity, respectively," said Teruya. "This result suggests the possibility of a rejuvenating effect by fasting, which was not known until now."

Metabolites Give Clues to Mechanism and Health Effects

The human body tends to utilize carbohydrates for quick energy -- when they're available. When starved of carbs, the body begins looting its alternate energy stores. The act of "energy substitution" leaves a trail of evidence, namely metabolites known as butyrates, carnitines, and branched-chain amino acids. These well-known markers of energy substitution have been shown to accumulate during fasting.

But fasting appears to elicit effects far beyond energy substitution. In their comprehensive analysis of human blood, the researchers noted both established fasting markers and many more. For example, they found a global increase in substances produced by the citric acid cycle, a process by which organisms release energy stored in the chemical bonds of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. The marked increase suggests that, during fasting, the tiny powerhouses running every cell are thrown into overdrive.

Fasting also appeared to enhance the metabolism of purine and pyrimidine, chemical substances which play key roles in gene expression and protein synthesis. The finding suggests fasting may reprogram which proteins cells build at what time, thus altering their function. The change may promote homeostasis in cells, or serve to edit their gene expression in response to environmental influences.

When metabolized, purine and pyrimidine also boost the body's production of antioxidants. Several antioxidants, such as ergothioneine and carnosine, were found to increase significantly over the 58-hour study period. Antioxidants serve to protect cells from free radicals produced during metabolism. Products of a metabolic pathway called the "pentose phosphate pathway" also stay the harmful effects of oxidation, and were similarly seen to increase during fasting, but only in plasma.

Newfound Health Benefits of Fasting?

The authors suggest that these antioxidative effects may stand as the body's principal response to fasting, as starvation can foster a dangerously oxidative internal environment. Their exploratory study provides the first evidence of antioxidants as a fasting marker. In addition, the study introduces the novel notion that fasting might boost production of several age-related metabolites, abundant in young people, but depleted in old.

"Recent aging studies have shown that caloric restriction and fasting have a prolonging effect on lifespan in model animals...but the detailed mechanism has remained a mystery," said Teruya. "It might be possible to verify the anti-aging effect from various viewpoints by developing exercise programs or drugs capable of causing the metabolic reaction similar to fasting."

The findings expand on established ideas of what fasting could do for human health. The next step would be to replicate these results in a larger study, or investigate how the metabolic changes might be triggered by other means.

"People are interested in whether human beings can enjoy the effects of prevention of metabolic diseases and prolonging life span by fasting or caloric restriction, as with model animals," said Teruya. "Understanding the metabolic changes caused by fasting is expected to give us wisdom for maintaining health."

Story Source:

Materials provided by Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Graduate University. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.
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  #2   ^
Old Tue, Feb-05-19, 10:17
CityGirl8 CityGirl8 is offline
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I'm finding all this information on fasting and the benefits besides weight loss so interesting. I think that many of these studies that talk about the timing of when the benefits start to ramp up are done on people who eat a "normal" high carbohydrate diet. Since the timing of the benefits often has a lot to do with when your body has burned up all it's glucose and has started using other resources, I think these probably kick in sooner in people who are already eating low carb and are "fat adapted."
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  #3   ^
Old Tue, Feb-05-19, 11:58
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WereBear WereBear is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by CityGirl8
I'm finding all this information on fasting and the benefits besides weight loss so interesting. I think that many of these studies that talk about the timing of when the benefits start to ramp up are done on people who eat a "normal" high carbohydrate diet. Since the timing of the benefits often has a lot to do with when your body has burned up all it's glucose and has started using other resources, I think these probably kick in sooner in people who are already eating low carb and are "fat adapted."


That is an excellent point to make of any study or diet program. Almost anyone is coming from the Standard American Diet, and the only way to sink lower than that is to literally eat dirt.
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  #4   ^
Old Tue, Feb-05-19, 12:15
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Meme#1 Meme#1 is offline
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From what I've read and watched on Fung's videos, he used this method on people who were consuming SAD and would not comply with low-carb so had no other hope of lowering their BS and were probably already suffering the damage of diabetes. I just don't see how it would keep a patient in lower levels of diabeties when as soon as they're off of fasting they go right back eating bread, chips, crackers and ice cream. To me, leveling out the BS on a day to day basis is the most important to get stabilized and this is just an up and down ride.
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  #5   ^
Old Tue, Feb-05-19, 14:33
Nrracing Nrracing is offline
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I truly love fasting, I have found it to be very easy and I am not thinking about eating till it get close to the time I eat. I enjoy my food much more and eat it slower so I can taste it.

I eat low carb, with 19/5 fasting and it works for me. I cut out the bread, sugar and grains. I think many can benefit from this. I am seeing nice results.
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  #6   ^
Old Tue, Feb-05-19, 16:52
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mike_d mike_d is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by WereBear
That is an excellent point to make of any study or diet program. Almost anyone is coming from the Standard American Diet, and the only way to sink lower than that is to literally eat dirt.
That would likely be healthier -- dirt can establish an healthy microbiome

https://www.enviromedica.com/gi-tract/eating-dirt/

I am also a believer of sorts in "grounding" to the Earth.
Quote:
Grounding, or earthing, refers to connecting electrically with the Earth. A growing body of research is finding numerous health benefits as a result of the physical body being grounded.
The other day I wanted to get rid of a bunch of empty Amazon boxes, but there was drizzle and the grass was wet so I went out shoe less. After several trips across the wet, grassy lawn I felt better and still do today?

Last edited by mike_d : Tue, Feb-05-19 at 17:03.
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  #7   ^
Old Wed, Feb-06-19, 08:55
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GRB5111 GRB5111 is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by mike_d
I am also a believer of sorts in "grounding" to the Earth.The other day I wanted to get rid of a bunch of empty Amazon boxes, but there was drizzle and the grass was wet so I went out shoe less. After several trips across the wet, grassy lawn I felt better and still do today?

I, too, am grounding as much as possible. When the snow cover is gone, I'm doing the same thing and even bought straps to ground myself when indoors asleep at night or working in my office. Earthing is good stuff!
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  #8   ^
Old Wed, Feb-06-19, 11:12
jschwab jschwab is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Meme#1
From what I've read and watched on Fung's videos, he used this method on people who were consuming SAD and would not comply with low-carb so had no other hope of lowering their BS and were probably already suffering the damage of diabetes. I just don't see how it would keep a patient in lower levels of diabeties when as soon as they're off of fasting they go right back eating bread, chips, crackers and ice cream. To me, leveling out the BS on a day to day basis is the most important to get stabilized and this is just an up and down ride.


My mom eats like this and her blood sugar always seems to be in the basement when she finally eats. Her doctor has never tested her A1C, though, and her BG always seems to be fine. I don't know how she does it but I suspect she white knuckles it.
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  #9   ^
Old Thu, Feb-07-19, 07:29
Zei Zei is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Meme#1
From what I've read and watched on Fung's videos, he used this method on people who were consuming SAD and would not comply with low-carb so had no other hope of lowering their BS and were probably already suffering the damage of diabetes. I just don't see how it would keep a patient in lower levels of diabeties when as soon as they're off of fasting they go right back eating bread, chips, crackers and ice cream. To me, leveling out the BS on a day to day basis is the most important to get stabilized and this is just an up and down ride.

Dr. Fung's emphasis seems to be on getting insulin down as low as reasonably possible for as much of the time as possible in order to lower insulin resistance/hyperisulemia rather than the blood sugar numbers. So treating the hyperinsulemia equals treating the root cause rather than just treating a symptom which is the blood sugar numbers. I think it was his website where I read that giving a T2 diabetic additional insulin through shots to keep blood sugars controlled (while feeding carbs) would make the the progression of the diabetes even worse than doing nothing. And of course Fung's not one to advocate doing nothing.
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  #10   ^
Old Thu, Feb-07-19, 08:12
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WereBear WereBear is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Zei
I think it was his website where I read that giving a T2 diabetic additional insulin through shots to keep blood sugars controlled (while feeding carbs) would make the progression of the diabetes even worse than doing nothing.


There was a big and much-ballyhooed study a few years ago where they "aggressively intervened" with drugs to lower blood sugar, and diabetics got sicker. Then they used it as an excuse for people to "not worry about blood sugar" and accept the inevitability of their slow decline.

It reminds me of the situation I discovered researching autoimmune. Seeking medical help with it goes like this:
  • We will give you steroids, but they will stop working.
  • Now that the steroids have stopped working, here's some super steroids. They will stop working.
  • Now that the super steroids have stopped working, we have drugs which will shut down your immune system.
  • Now you are very sick and dying, but it's not from autoimmune! So we count that in the WIN column.

Is it any wonder people seek alternatives if they know they are out there?
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