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Old Mon, Feb-04-02, 23:43
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tamarian tamarian is offline
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Default Study Links 'Western' Diet with Adult Diabetes

Study Links 'Western' Diet with Adult Diabetes
Mon Feb 4, 2002

By David Morgan

PHILADELPHIA (Reuters) - Men whose diets are rich in red meat, high-fat dairy products and baked goods made from refined flour are 60 percent more likely to develop diabetes after the age of 40, a new Harvard study suggested on Monday.

In one of the most wide-ranging studies to date on possible links between adult onset diabetes and diet, researchers also found that men who ate a "prudent" diet of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish and poultry had a type-2 diabetes risk at levels 20 percent below the norm.

"This is the first study to look at the big picture of diet and diabetes. Until now, the focus has been on isolated nutrients and specific foods," said Dr. Frank Hu, a co-author of the study and assistant professor of nutrition at the Harvard University School of Public Health.

The study, which appeared in the Annals of Internal Medicine, examined 42,504 male health professionals aged 40 to 75, who answered questionnaires on diet, exercise and weight as part of the national Health Professionals Follow-up Study. It covered 12 years from 1986 to 1998, during which time just over 1,300 participants developed type-2, or adult onset, diabetes.

Type-2 diabetes accounts for 90 percent of the estimated 16 million diabetes cases in the United States. It usually occurs after the age of 40 among people whose bodies either do not produce enough insulin or cannot use insulin effectively.

Health experts have said the United States could see the number of diabetes cases swell to 29 million over the next 50 years as a population fond of junk food and prone to obesity grows increasingly older.

Hu suggested that low-fat diets advocated by public health officials may offer little protection against type-2 diabetes. He pointed to evidence that total fat intake had less to do with disease risk than a lack of cereal fibers and magnesium that are contained in whole grains, but not the refined grains used to make white bread and cookies.

GRAINS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES AND FISH

"This is important because when people move to low-fat diets, they start loading up on bagels and white bread, which is actually more detrimental than total fat," Hu said.

"To substantially decrease the chances of getting type-2 diabetes and developing potentially serious complications like blindness, kidney failure and heart disease, men should change their eating patterns and increase their intake of whole grains, fruits, vegetables and fish."

The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health and the American Diabetes Association. But association officials were reluctant to give more weight to diet than more established risk factors such as age, obesity, cholesterol and heredity.

"The study is important as evidence that the type of food one eats could have some importance in the risk of developing type-2 diabetes," said Dr. Nathaniel Clark, the American Diabetes Association's national vice president of clinical affairs. "But while the whole dietary pattern may be important, it is dwarfed by the importance of obesity as a risk factor."

Researchers said that among obese men who also ate the so-called "Western" diet, the risk of disease was 10 times higher than normal.

Researchers at Harvard analyzed the dietary habits of men as conveyed by a 131-item food questionnaire that asked study subjects to describe their intake of specified foods during the preceding year. Follow-ups occurred every four years.

The men, who were mostly white and employed as health professionals, included physicians, dentists, pharmacists, veterinarians and podiatrists. They were free of diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease when the study began in 1986.

Their responses about eating habits were compared with answers to separate follow-up questionnaires dealing with weight, smoking and physical activity. That data enabled researchers to assign metabolic ratings to participants.


http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tm...h_diabetes_dc_4
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Old Mon, Feb-04-02, 23:47
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tamarian tamarian is offline
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