Effects of a Diet Higher in Carbohydrate/Lower in Fat Versus Lower in Carbohydrate/Higher in Monounsaturated Fat on Postmeal Triglyceride Concentrations and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 1 Diabetes
1. Irene Strychar, EDD, RD1,2,3,4,
2. Jeffrey S. Cohn, PHD5,
3. Geneviève Renier, MD, PHD1,2,3,4,
4. Michèle Rivard, PHD6,
5. Nahla Aris-Jilwan, MD3,
6. Hugues Beauregard, MD3,
7. Sara Meltzer, MD7,
8. André Bélanger, MD8,
9. Richard Dumas, MD8,
10. Alain Ishac, MSC1,
11. Farouk Radwan, MD9 and
12. Jean-François Yale, MD7
+ Author Affiliations
1.
1Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
2.
2Montreal Diabetes Research Center of CRCHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
3.
3Service of Endocrinology, Notre-Dame Hospital of the University of Montreal Hospital Center (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
4.
4Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
5.
5Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia;
6.
6Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
7.
7Nutrition and Food Science Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
8.
8Laval Clinic Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
9.
9Department of Biochemistry, Notre-Dame Hospital of CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
1. Corresponding author: Irene Strychar, irene.strychar~umontreal.ca.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of a eucaloric diet higher in carbohydrate/lower in fat versus lower in carbohydrate/higher in monounsaturated fat on postmeal triglyceride (TG) concentrations and other cardiovascular disease risk factors in nonobese subjects with type 1 diabetes and in good glycemic control.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a parallel group design study, 30 subjects were randomly assigned and completed one of the two eucaloric diets. Assessments included: BMI, blood pressure, A1C, plasma lipids, and markers of oxidation, thrombosis, and inflammation. At 6 months, subjects were hospitalized for 24 h to measure plasma TG excursions.
RESULTS There were no significant differences between groups other than decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) levels and weight gain in the lower-carbohydrate/higher–monounsaturated fat group. During the 24-h testing, the lower-carbohydrate/higher–monounsaturated fat group had a lower plasma TG profile.
CONCLUSIONS A diet lower in carbohydrate/higher in monounsaturated fat could offer an appropriate choice for nonobese type 1 diabetic individuals with good metabolic and weight control.
Footnotes
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The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
*
o Received December 29, 2008.
o Accepted June 4, 2009.
* © 2009 by the American Diabetes Association.
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