Sat, May-12-12, 23:54
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Plan: Muscle Centric
Stats: 238/153/160
BF:
Progress: 109%
Location: UK
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High Fat and Low Carb Diet Better for Diabetes Type-2
Quote:
From Medical Daily
May 12, 2012
High Fat and Low Carb Diet Better for Diabetes Type-2
A diet high in fat and low in carbohydrates is better for people with type-2 diabetes, new Swedish study published in the journal Diabetologia says.
A diet high in fat and low in carbohydrates is better for people with type-2 diabetes, new Swedish study published in the journal Diabetologia says.
In diabetes 2, the body produces insulin (a hormone that breaks down sugar) but the cells are unable to use it as opposed to diabetes 1 where the body does not produce insulin.
Generally, people with diabetes are advised to stay on low-fat diets.
This study group had 61 participants who had type-2 diabetes. These participants were randomly assigned in two groups. One group was kept on low fat diet while the other on low carbohydrate - high fat diet.
In the low fat diet, proteins accounted for only 10 to 15 percent of energy supply, while in the high fat diet nearly 30 percent of energy came from proteins.
Both groups recorded an average weight loss of 4kgs (about 9 pounds).
People who were on low carbohydrate (high fat) had better control over the blood sugar levels of the body. They also had considerable amount of “good fat”.
On the other hand, people on low-fat diet managed to lose the same amount of weight but had no difference in the levels of insulin in the body.
Another study published in the New England Journal of Medicine says that replacing carbohydrates with fat, especially a diet high in monounsaturated fatty acids, is a better idea while trying to control the glucose level in people with type-2 diabetes.
"You could ask yourself if it really is good to recommend a low-fat diet to patients with diabetes, if despite their weight loss they get neither better lipoproteins nor blood glucose levels," Fredrik Nyström, professor of Internal Medicine and co-author of the study said.
It is believed that lifestyle changes like healthy diet and proper exercise delay, or in some cases, prevent the onset of diabetes 2.
Some studies say that higher intake of fruits and vegetables lowers risk of diabetes type-2.
The diets prescribed for participants in the present study were on par with the recommended intake by Swedish National Food Agency.
"In contrast to most other studies of this type, we lost no patients at all, which vouches for the good quality of our data,” Hans Guldbrand, general practitioner and co-author said.
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http://www.medicaldaily.com/news/20...iet-insulin.htm
Quote:
In type 2 diabetes, randomisation to advice to follow a low-carbohydrate diet transiently improves glycaemic control compared with advice to follow a low-fat diet producing a similar weight loss
Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
The study aimed to compare the effects of a 2 year intervention with a low-fat diet (LFD) or a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD), based on four group meetings to achieve compliance.
Methods
This was a prospective randomised parallel trial involving 61 adults with type 2 diabetes consecutively recruited in primary care and randomised by drawing ballots. Patients that did not speak Swedish could not be recruited. The primary outcomes in this non-blinded study were weight and HbA1c. Patients on the LFD aimed for 55–60 energy per cent (E%) and those on LCD for 20 E% from carbohydrate.
Results
The mean BMI and HbA1c of the participants were 32.7 ± 5.4 kg/m2 and 57.0 ± 9.2 mmol/mol, respectively. No patients were lost to follow-up. Weight loss did not differ between groups and was maximal at 6 months: LFD −3.99 ± 4.1 kg (n = 31); LCD −4.31 ± 3.6 kg (n = 30); p < 0.001 within groups. At 24 months, patients on the LFD had lost −2.97 ± 4.9 kg and those on LCD −2.34 ± 5.1 kg compared with baseline (p = 0.002 and p = 0.020 within groups, respectively). HbA1c fell in the LCD group only (LCD at 6 months −4.8 ± 8.3 mmol/mol, p = 0.004, at 12 months −2.2 ± 7.7 mmol/mol, p = 0.12; LFD at 6 months −0.9 ± 8.8 mmol/mol, p = 0.56). At 6 months, HDL-cholesterol had increased with the LCD (from 1.13 ± 0.33 mmol/l to 1.25 ± 0.47 mmol/l, p = 0.018) while LDL-cholesterol did not differ between groups. Insulin doses were reduced in the LCD group (0 months, LCD 42 ± 65 E, LFD 39 ± 51 E; 6 months, LCD 30 ± 47 E, LFD 38 ± 48 E; p = 0.046 for between-group change).
Conclusions/interpretation
Weight changes did not differ between the diet groups, while insulin doses were reduced significantly more with the LCD at 6 months, when compliance was good. Thus, aiming for 20% of energy intake from carbohydrates is safe with respect to cardiovascular risk compared with the traditional LFD and this approach could constitute a treatment alternative.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/b56453v536503166/
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Quote:
Comparison of a High-Carbohydrate Diet with a High-Monounsaturated-Fat Diet in Patients with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
We compared a high-carbohydrate diet with a high-fat diet (specifically, a diet high in monounsaturated fatty acids) for effects on glycemic control and plasma lipoproteins in 10 patients with non-insulindependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) receiving insulin therapy. The patients were randomly assigned to receive first one diet and then the other, each for 28 days, in a metabolic ward. In the high-carbohydrate diet, 25 percent of the energy was in the form of fat and 60 percent in the form of carbohydrates (47 percent of the total energy was in the form of complex carbohydrates); the high-monounsaturated-fat diet was 50 percent fat (33 percent of the total energy in the form of monounsaturated fatty acids) and 35 percent carbohydrates. The two diets had the same amounts of simple carbohydrates and fiber.
As compared with the high-carbohydrate diet, the highmonounsaturated-fat diet resulted in lower mean plasma glucose levels and reduced insulin requirements, lower levels of plasma triglycerides and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (lower by 25 and 35 percent, respectively; P<0.01), and higher levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (higher by 13 percent; P<0.005). Levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol did not differ significantly in patients on the two diets.
These preliminary results suggest that partial replacement of complex carbohydrates with monounsaturated fatty acids in the diets of patients with NIDDM does not increase the level of LDL cholesterol and may improve glycemic control and the levels of plasma triglycerides and HDL cholesterol. (N Engl J Med 1988; 319:829–34.
http://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJM198809293191304
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