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  #1   ^
Old Thu, Nov-12-09, 07:09
Rocketguy Rocketguy is offline
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Default High Fructose Corn Syrup: A Recipe For Hypertension

Speaking as a former soda pop addict with hypertension, I appreciate the study. Yes, it is just an (statistical) association, but suggests that other studies on prevention or treatment should be done, or that mechanistic studies based on fructose biochemistry might be worthwhile.



Quote:
... a diet of more than 74 grams per day of fructose led to a 28%, 36%, and 87% higher risk for blood pressure levels of 135/85, 140/90, and 160/100 mmHg, respectively. (A normal blood pressure reading is below 120/80 mmHg.)

"These results indicate that high fructose intake in the form of added sugars is significantly and independently associated with higher blood pressure levels in the US adult population with no previous history of hypertension," the authors concluded. Additional studies are needed to see if low fructose diets can normalize blood pressure and prevent the development of hypertension.


Full press release below.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/release...91029211521.htm
Quote:
High Fructose Corn Syrup: A Recipe For Hypertension, Study Finds

ScienceDaily (Nov. 11, 2009) — A diet high in fructose increases the risk of developing high blood pressure (hypertension), according to a paper being presented at the American Society of Nephrology's 42nd Annual Meeting and Scientific Exposition in San Diego, California. The findings suggest that cutting back on processed foods and beverages that contain high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) may help prevent hypertension.

Over the last 200 years, the rate of fructose intake has directly paralleled the increasing rate of obesity, which has increased sharply in the last 20 years since the introduction of HFCS. Today, Americans consume 30% more fructose than 20 years ago and up to four times more than 100 years ago, when obesity rates were less than 5%. While this increase mirrors the dramatic rise in the prevalence of hypertension, studies have been inconsistent in linking excess fructose in the diet to hypertension.

Diana Jalal, MD (University of Colorado Denver Health Sciences Center), and her colleagues studied the issue in a large representative population of US adults. They examined 4,528 adults 18 years of age or older with no prior history of hypertension. Fructose intake was calculated based on a dietary questionnaire, and foods such as fruit juices, soft drinks, bakery products, and candy were included. Dr. Jalal's team found that people who ate or drank more than 74 grams per day of fructose (2.5 sugary soft drinks per day) increased their risk of developing hypertension. Specifically, a diet of more than 74 grams per day of fructose led to a 28%, 36%, and 87% higher risk for blood pressure levels of 135/85, 140/90, and 160/100 mmHg, respectively. (A normal blood pressure reading is below 120/80 mmHg.)

"These results indicate that high fructose intake in the form of added sugars is significantly and independently associated with higher blood pressure levels in the US adult population with no previous history of hypertension," the authors concluded. Additional studies are needed to see if low fructose diets can normalize blood pressure and prevent the development of hypertension.

Study co-authors include Richard Johnson, MD, Gerard Smits, PhD, and Michel Chonchol, MD (University of Colorado Denver Health Sciences Center). Dr. Richard Johnson reports a conflict of interest as the author of "The Sugar Fix." The authors report no other financial disclosures.

The study abstract, "Increased Fructose Intake is Independently Associated with Elevated Blood Pressure. Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2006)," (TH-FC037) was presented as part of a Free Communications Session during the American Society of Nephrology's 42nd Annual Meeting and Scientific Exposition on Oct. 29 at the San Diego Convention Center in San Diego, CA.
Adapted from materials provided by American Society of Nephrology, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
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  #2   ^
Old Thu, Nov-12-09, 08:06
Hutchinson's Avatar
Hutchinson Hutchinson is offline
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Plan: Dr Dahlqvist's
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  #3   ^
Old Thu, Nov-12-09, 09:07
Rocketguy Rocketguy is offline
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Thanks for the proposed mechanisms whereby fructose may induce hypertension.

The original press release would have been more educational had it taken these extra steps.

I've seen NO (nitric oxide) referenced in some books on hypertension, but there the focus was just on the use of l-Arginine as a supplement to aid in NO formation.
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  #4   ^
Old Thu, Nov-12-09, 09:13
Altari Altari is offline
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I'm eagerly awaiting the next HFCS commercial that argues these findings. If the Industry even notices it.
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  #5   ^
Old Thu, Nov-12-09, 10:23
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Hutchinson Hutchinson is offline
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Plan: Dr Dahlqvist's
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Dr Davis Heartscanblog has more information on the adverse effects of HFCS
Postprandial pile-up with fructose
Quote:
Heart disease is likely caused in the after-eating, postprandial period. That's why the practice of grazing, eating many small meals throughout the day, can potentially increase heart disease risk. Eating often can lead to the phenomenon I call triglyceride and chylomicron "stacking," or the piling up of postprandial breakdown products in the blood stream.

Different fatty acid fractions generate different postprandial patterns. But so do different sugars. Fructose, in particular, is an especially potent agent that magnifies the postprandial patterns. (See Goodbye, fructose.)

Take a look at the graphs from the exhaustive University of California study by Stanhope et al, 2009:

From Stanhope KL et al, J Clin Invest 2009. Click on image to make larger.

The left graphs show the triglyceride effects of adding glucose-sweetened drinks (not sucrose) to the study participants' diets. The right graphs show the triglyceride effects of adding fructose-sweetened drinks.

Note that fructose causes enormous "stacking" of triglycerides, meaning that postprandial chylomicrons and VLDL particles are accumulating. (This study also showed a 4-fold greater increase in abdominal fat and 45% increase in small LDL particles with fructose.)

It means that low-fat salad dressings, sodas, ketchup, spaghetti sauce, and all the other foods made with high-fructose corn syrup not only make you fat, but also magnifies the severity of postprandial lipoprotein stacking, a phenomenon that leads to more atherosclerotic plaque.

Links are active on the HEARTSCANBLOG
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  #6   ^
Old Thu, Nov-12-09, 10:45
Rocketguy Rocketguy is offline
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I had started a trial of elimination of Omega 6 fatty acids in salad dressing with fat free salad dressings. They list HFCS as an ingredient and give the 1Tbs serviing 2 grams of carbs, so that is almost certainly 2 grams of HFCS and I use a lot of salad dressing so I am getting 4 to 6 gm HCFS per salad.

My alternative was Walden Farms zero fat, zero carb salad dressing (cellulose gel FrankenFood) which is pretty pricey. Only the usual FrankenFood side effects, I suppose.

I'll have to look at the study data to see if I can get some insight as to how much triglyceride rise I get out of just a few grams of HFCS in my salad dressing. Might be OK.

Thanks for the up-to-date news.
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  #7   ^
Old Thu, Nov-12-09, 10:59
Hutchinson's Avatar
Hutchinson Hutchinson is offline
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Posts: 1,792
 
Plan: Dr Dahlqvist's
Stats: 205/152/160 Male 69
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Quote:
MCT Mayonnaise
3 T. fat free cream cheese, softened
1/4 teaspoon prepared mustard
1 1/2 Tablespoon cider vinegar
1/4 teaspoon salt
1/2 cup MCT oil
Optional:
Add 1/2 teaspoon sugar.
If thinner mayonnaise desired,
add 2 teaspoons water.
Using a mixer or hand blender, combine cream cheese, mustard, vinegar, and salt. While blending, slowly pour in MCT until combined.
Yield: 1 cup 1 T mayonnaise =1 1/2 teaspoons (7.5 ml) MCT oil.

MCT Margarine
4 T fat free cream cheese
4 T non-fat liquid margarine
(e.g. Smart Squeeze)
1/2 cup MCT oil
1/8 t salt
Use as a margarine spread.
Not recommended for cooking or baking.
Combine cream cheese and liquid margarine with hand blender, food processor, or mixer. Add salt. Slowly add MCT, mixing until combined. Whip if desired.
Yield: 1 cup 1 t margarine = 2.5 ml MCT
1 T margarine = 7.5 ml MCT

MCT Mayonnaise
3 T. fat free cream cheese, softened
1/4 teaspoon prepared mustard
1 1/2 Tablespoon cider vinegar
1/4 teaspoon salt
1/2 cup MCT oil
Optional:
Add 1/2 teaspoon sugar. If thinner mayonnaise desired, add 2 teaspoons water.


Using a mixer or hand blender, combine cream cheese, mustard, vinegar, and salt. While blending, slowly pour in MCT until combined.

Yield: 1 cup 1 T mayonnaise =1 1/2 teaspoons (7.5 ml) MCT oil.


MCT Vinaigrette Dressing
1/2 cup MCT oil
1/2 cup cider vinegar
1 Tablespoon sugar
3/4 teaspoon salt
3/4 teaspoon dry mustard
1/8 teaspoon pepper

Makes a great dressing for:
3 bean salad
German potato salad
Cabbage & carrot salad
Cucumber and tomato salad
Tossed salad

Shake all ingredients together vigorously in a covered jar. Dressing will separate, but shake just before using.
Yield: 1/2 cup dressing
1 Tablespoon = 1 1/2 teaspoons (7.5 ml) MCT oil.


MCT Italian Dressing (from packaged mix)
1/2 package dry fat free Italian dressing mix, such as Good Seasons
2 Tablespoons vinegar
4 teaspoons water
1 pea-sized drop of mustard
1/4 cup MCT oil

Mix powder, vinegar, water, and mustard in a bottle. Cover and shake until well blended. Add MCT oil. Cover and shake again until well blended.

Yield: 1/2 cup dressing.
1 tablespoon = 1 1/2 teaspoons (7.5 ml) MCT oil.

MCT Catalina-type Dressing
1/4 cup MCT oil
1 tablespoon cider vinegar
1 tablespoon chopped onion, or 1/4 teaspoon onion powder
2 Tablespoons sugar
1/2 teaspoon salt
1 tablespoon + 1 teaspoon catsup
1/4 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce

Shake all ingredients in a covered glass bottle. If dressing separates, shake before using, or mix with a blender.

Yield: 1/2 cup dressing.
1 tablespoon =
1 1/2 teaspoons (7.5 ml) MCT oil.

Spreads, Gravy, and Salad Dressings From The Uof L Department of Pediatrics
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  #8   ^
Old Thu, Nov-12-09, 13:54
Hutchinson's Avatar
Hutchinson Hutchinson is offline
Senior Member
Posts: 1,792
 
Plan: Dr Dahlqvist's
Stats: 205/152/160 Male 69
BF:
Progress: 118%
Default Correction: Press Release (Title: High Fructose Corn Syrup: a Recipe for Hypertension

Correction: Press Release (Title: High Fructose Corn Syrup: a Recipe for Hypertension).
Revised: High Fructose Intake from Added Sugars: an Independent Association with Hypertension

If you don't want to upset your advertisers just rename the science paper so it doesn't offend those with the money.
Quote:
We would like to issue a correction for the title above to: (High Fructose Intake from Added Sugars: an Independent Association with Hypertension), we believe this title better describes the abstract titled: “High Fructose Intake is Independently Associated with Elevated Blood Pressure.

Finding from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2006)”, in which the authors examined the cross sectional association between high fructose intake from added sugars and high blood pressure levels.

Fructose is a simple sugar that is a key component of table sugar and of high fructose corn syrup.

The findings of the study highlight the increased intake of fructose from collective sources of added sugar including sugary soft drinks, bakery products, chocolate, candy, honey, jam, syrup, and dried fruits, and report an independent association between high intake of fructose from these dietary sources, and elevated blood pressure.


I think Johnson RJ meant the article to convey the information that he thinks HFCS is the key factor.
Fructose-induced leptin resistance exacerbates weight gain

Fructose Consumption as a Risk Factor for Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

could uric acid represent a physiologic alarm signal gone awry in western society? If you found Lustig's biochemistry lesson in Sugar The Bitter Truth hard going you may find the desription here in the section Uric acid, weight gain, and insulin resistance makes it somewhat easier to understand.

Last edited by Hutchinson : Thu, Nov-12-09 at 14:09.
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