
Tue, Nov-03-09, 09:08
|
|
Senior Member
Posts: 486
|
|
Plan: Modified Pritikin
Stats: 190/167/160
BF:
Progress: 77%
|
|
Dangers of antioxidants?
We discussed a study a while back where blocking glucose metabolism in worms increased lifespan (while increasing radical oxygen species), and where administering antioxidants blocked both of these effects. All we had to work from was the abstract, so I always wondered--what antioxidants were used?
Peter at Hyperlipid did a recent post, I'm not sure if it's the same study, or a similar study, but full access is free here; Glucose Restriction Extends Caenorhabditis
I haven't read the study yet, but according to Peter,
Quote:
|
N-acetylcysteine, ascorbate or a vitamin E derivative (Trolox) each eliminates the life extension provided by glucose restriction in worms.
|
N-acetylcysteine is a darling of those trying to increase their lifespan; calorie restriction increases glutathione (an antioxidant) in some tissues, and cysteine is sometimes the limiting factor in its synthesis.
Quote:
Increasing cellular glucose uptake is a fundamental
concept in treatment of type 2 diabetes,
whereas nutritive calorie restriction increases
life expectancy. We show here that increased
glucose availability decreases Caenorhabditis
elegans life span, while impaired glucose metabolism
extends life expectancy by inducing
mitochondrial respiration. The histone deacetylase
Sir2.1 is found here to be dispensable for
this phenotype, whereas disruption of aak-2,
a homolog of AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK),
abolishes extension of life span due to impaired
glycolysis. Reduced glucose availability promotes
formation of reactive oxygen species
(ROS), induces catalase activity, and increases
oxidative stress resistance and survival rates,
altogether providing direct evidence for a hitherto
hypothetical concept named mitochondrial
hormesis or ‘‘mitohormesis.’’ Accordingly,
treatment of nematodes with different antioxidants
and vitamins prevents extension of life
span. In summary, these data indicate that
glucose restriction promotes mitochondrial
metabolism, causing increased ROS formation
and cumulating in hormetic extension of life
span, questioning current treatments of type 2
diabetes as well as the widespread use of antioxidant
supplements.
|
Maybe an inability to make vitamin c is not a design flaw in humans, and not a sign that we should be getting ridiculous amounts of vitamin c from a nearly all-fruit diet.
|