Intermittent Fasting Promotes White Adipose Browning and Decreases Obesity by Shaping the Gut Microbiota
http://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism...4131(17)30504-1

Highlights

•EODF is a novel strategy for beige adipose development
•EODF selectively induces WAT beiging by reshaping gut microbiota
•EODF reverses high-fat-diet-induced obesity and associated metabolic disorders
•The microbiota-fat axis orchestrates EODF-induced metabolic improvement

Summary

While activation of beige thermogenesis is a promising approach for treatment of obesity-associated diseases, there are currently no known pharmacological means of inducing beiging in humans. Intermittent fasting is an effective and natural strategy for weight control, but the mechanism for its efficacy is poorly understood. Here, we show that an every-other-day fasting (EODF) regimen selectively stimulates beige fat development within white adipose tissue and dramatically ameliorates obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. EODF treatment results in a shift in the gut microbiota composition leading to elevation of the fermentation products acetate and lactate and to the selective upregulation of monocarboxylate transporter 1 expression in beige cells. Microbiota-depleted mice are resistance to EODF-induced beiging, while transplantation of the microbiota from EODF-treated mice to microbiota-depleted mice activates beiging and improves metabolic homeostasis. These findings provide a new gut-microbiota-driven mechanism for activating adipose tissue browning and treating metabolic diseases.

Personally, I am finding IF (17/7 in my case) to be extremely useful. I am punching through previous set points and I weigh less that I can ever recall weighing as an adult. I’m not even focusing on low-carb as much as I have in the past. No gratuitous carbs, mind you, but plenty of fruit and berries on a daily basis, with bread at least once a week. This is the real deal...

Mud, I like what your doing, I am doing the same thing somewhat. I do a 17- 18 hour fast everyday. I do 18 plus hours on the week days at work, and 17-18 on the weekends. I say away from sugar, carbs and grains. I like the little oyster cracker's so I have like 15-20 of those once a week on Sundays. Sundays I have a bit more carbs, but keep it below 45 but most of that is not grain.

I have been doing the fasting for a good three weeks now and have come down in weight and size. I combine this with LCHF also. Its working great for me and I love that I can fast for 18 + hours and not be hungry.

Anyone got access? I'd like to know what EODF actually means in terms of hours/calories in this study.

"Mice were randomly grouped to ad libitum (AL) group and every other day fasting (EODF) group. All mice were co-housed (2 mice per
cage) on chow diet or single housed on HFD for 2 weeks prior to study initiation to allow for acclimation to the animal facility and were
then placed on chow diet or HFD. Under the chow diet, the AL group mice were allowed unrestricted access to food, while EODF
groups were fed with alternating 24 hr periods (15 cycles for long-term study and 3 cycles for short-term study) of free access to
food followed by 24 hr fasting. Under the HFD, mice were allowed unrestricted access to HFD for 3 months to induce an obese
phenotype then randomly separated into AL and EODF groups and subjected to the AL or EODF feeding regimen (15 cycles). For
EODF at thermoneutrality, mice were acclimatized to thermoneutrality (30
C) for 1 day and then treated either AL or EODF over
the entire period at thermoneutrality (30
C) condition. Body weight was measured daily. Food intake was calculated daily quantifying
the weight of the remaining food. Data were normalized to the body weight of the mice."

I have become a fan of 16/8 IF over the past couple months, pretty much every day, except for a couple days at 14 hours fasting and a few days fasting 17 or 18 hours with 1 day at 20 hours fasting. The only issue I have with these studies is they always do alternate day fasting. Is that really how most people do IF? Based on most of the posts, blogs and videos I have seen, it seems that something between 14/10 and 20/4 is more common. The real question is can we assume these studies apply to all forms of fasting, or do they provide zero value for those of us doing 14 to 20 hour fast.