From Losing It: America's Obsession with Weight and the Industry that Feed on It , by Laura Fraser.
"It was during the 1920's that advertisers hit on a problem that was visible enough for women to be embarrassed about, difficult enough to require buying lots of products, and best of all, would never go away: fat. Advertisers made women feel humiliated that they weren't as slim as the beautiful women in their illustrations. They sold bath salts, laxatives, reducing brushes, stimulating belts, scales, mail-away diets, and scores of other obesity cures. Every advertisement chided women for being overweight. 'Overweight these days is a woman's own fault,' proclaimed one ad for a musical reducing record.
...women began to do anything to be slim. They starved themselves and chewed gum laced with laxatives to lose weight. Told to 'Reach for a Lucky instead of a sweet,' they took up smoking to lose weight; it was, as the ad said, 'the modern way to diet.' They followed a number of wild fad diets recommended by physicians and pseudophysicians, many of which involved fasting, purgatives and odd combinations of foods.
Carl Malmberg, author of Diet and Die , wrote in 1935 that the craze for slimness that swept the United States after World War I led many physicians to try to rationalize the fad - 'Scientists and health authorities have set out to prove that it is healthy as well as fashionable to be thin.' Some of these diets were the result of a mutually beneficial alliance between physicians and food producers. The United Fruit Company, for instance, was happy to advertise Johns Hopkins University physician George Harrop's banana and skimmed milk diet with the AMA seal of approval. The Hollywood Eighteen-Day Diet (585 calories a day) was promoted by citrus growers - grapefruit was a centerpiece of the regime - as being the product of careful research on the part of French and American physicians.
The commercial weight-loss industry - of which Weight Watchers is by far the leader - made $2.1 billion in 1991... There are 10,018 weight-loss centers in the country, or one for every 25,953 people. Sondra Solovay, a writer for the San Francisco-based Fat! So?, recently counted fifty-five weight loss centers listed in the Oakland, California Yellow Pages, compared with one battered women's service.
In 1990, Senator Ron Wyden of Oregon held congressional hearings about weight-loss centers, exposing their unfair business practices, poorly trained employees, high failure rates, and the health problems experienced by some people who had enrolled, such as gallstones and bulimia.
In 1991, in New York City, the Department of Consumer Affairs send undercover investigators to commercial weight loss centers and found that they counseled underweight individuals to lose weight, refused to discuss the potential risks of weight loss, and made false and misleading health claims. The DCA issued a report showing that although commercial weight-loss sales representatives lead consumers to believe they'll have long-term success in losing weight, most gain the weight back. 'A plan for long-term maintenance is nearly always stressed by the weight loss centers,' the report described. 'What is not discussed, however, is that studies have shown that the majority of overweight people who lose weight regain it back within a few years.' During the 1990's, hundreds of people also sued Nutri/System, claiming that the diet caused them serious gallbladder problems."
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If we bought gas that ruined our cars, food that poisoned us, or our dry cleaner destroyed our clothing, we would expect retribution of some kind. The reason that we should NOT be charged large amounts of money for commercial weight loss programs is that they don't work and they destroy people physically as well as emotionally .
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