Exercise has only a moderate effect on weight loss. Initially, exercise causes weight loss. Many of us has seen this personally when starting exercise routines, but it then slows or stops. An explanation for this would be that increased fat oxidation requires use of certain nutrients, including B-Complex vitamins and vitamin C, and as we deplete our stores of them, the body can't lose and more weight.

This would be why studies show that diet and exercise is only moderately more effective than diet alone. It would also explain why lower blood levels of the B-Complex vitamins and vitamin-C are associated with higher body weight. It would also explain one of the reasons refining carbohydrates causes obesity, other than the effects on blood sugar, these nutrients, and likely others related to obesity that we haven't identified, are mostly lost during the refining process.

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