Wish I could help ya' dude, I just don't know. I do know that the effect of "energy" you get from ECA wears off fairly quickly and you do get used to it. And most people think that it't not really doing them any good after this, but in fact it remains working in the fat-loss department regardless of the "increased energy" feeling. And as much as I've read it seems that it is not needed to cycle it on and off, that you can take it for extended periods of time and it will work better. There are however, those that disagree with this, but the scientific evidence seems to support it.