Taubes goes into detail, in GCBC, about a group of explorers who lived with the Inuit for several years, eating their traditional diet, and suffered no ill effects. On the contrary, they remained extraordinarily healthy.

When they returned to the US, and the paper written on the years in the extreme north was reviewed, one reviewer noted that it was easier to believe that the authors were lying, than that they really could thrive on meat alone.

So two members of the expedition subjected themselves to an experiment at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital. By the time of the experiment, they'd been eating a typical American diet for about a year. They both went inpatient, under 24 hour surveillance, after having baseline lab work done.

For weeks, eating only meat and fat, they were watched. Labs were drawn regularly, so that the new baselines on a meat only diet could be found.

Then they were released, but continued to eat only meat and fat for a year. They continued their regular lab work.

At the end of the year, both of them, having begun the experiment at a normal weight, had lost a few pounds. Their cardiovascular labs were better, and one of them, who'd had low level gingivitis at the start of the year, no longer had it.

The study that you note is going back to the belief from before that expedition: that it must be some particular genetic adaptation that allows societies to eat no vegetable matter, and yet, stay healthy. This one is a new spin on it.

None of the researchers in that group were Inuit. The last name of the leader of the expedition (which I can't remember) was Scandinavian.