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Demi
Mon, Oct-15-07, 12:55
From Dr Briffa's blog:


Nestlé announce research supporting the concept of ‘metabolic typing’

Posted By Dr John Briffa On 15th October 2007

While I think it’s possible to give nutrition advice that can be applied broadly to a population, there is no doubt in my mind that fine-tuning is required for those who are seeking to consume something close to their ideal diet. That’s because, are nutritional needs differ. Physiological studies show, for instance, that some individuals are efficient metabolisers or fat, while others are more inclined to ‘burn’ carbohydrate. This concept is fully explored in my book The True You Diet.

The concepts of biochemical individuality and ‘metabolic type’ have until now remained a relatively fringe field. Some might argue that general healthy eating message are hardly getting through, and the last thing we want to do is complicate matters by telling people that optimal dietary advice is not the same for everyone.

However, a little sign that the idea of individualised nutrition might slip into the mainstream emerged today on the announcement of a study that came from Nestlé’s Research Centre in Lausanne, Switzerland.

The study, due to be published next month in the journal Proteome Research, involved 22 men, half of whom confessed to being ‘chocolate-desiring’ while the other half classified themselves as ‘chocolate indifferent’. The relevance of this to metabolic typing is that studies show that one’s innate metabolism does seem to dictate the foods an individual gravitates towards. It is possible, therefore that one’s food preferences may relate to physiological and biochemical idiosyncracies.

I have not bee able to see any details of the Nestlé study, but apparently it’s participants were fed chocolate or placebo (I assume something that looked and tasted like chocolate, but wasn’t) over a 5-day period. It has been reported that the chocolate lovers were found to have generally lower levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and higher levels of the blood protein albumin.

The significance of these specific findings is not clear to me. But what is interesting, I think, is that a food company is taking an interest in the idea of biochemical individuality. According to one of the researchers involved in this study, Sunil Kocchar: “Our study shows that food preferences, including chocolate, might be programmed or imprinted into our metabolic system in such a way that the body becomes attuned to a particular diet”. In addition, he is quoted as saying: “”Knowing one’s metabolic profile could open the door to dietary or nutritional interventions that are customised to you type so that your metabolism can be nudged into a healthier status.”

While we might be cynical about the motives behind this research, the fact that this much-neglected field of nutrition is getting some attention is a good thing, I think. My hope is that it will lead to a growing awareness of the concept of biochemical individuality and help individuals discover their specific nutritional needs.

In the meantime, can I suggest that those of us who like chocolate stick mainly to plain varieties rich in cocoa solids. Cocoa has been linked in recent times with some benefits for health (http://www.drbriffa.com/blog/2005/08/14/the-health-benefits-of-cocoa-dervied-flavonols/). Also, many individuals find that consuming moderate amounts of dark chocolate is relatively easy, while starting on some milk or white chocolates increases the risk of a bit of chocolate bingeing.

http://www.drbriffa.com/blog/2007/10/15/nestle-annouce-research-supporting-the-concept-of-metabolic-typing/

Angeline
Mon, Oct-15-07, 14:04
When I read the title, I was expecting something along the line of Nestle has discovered the perfect metabolic type for Nestle Quick!

fujiwara
Mon, Oct-15-07, 14:56
Nestle is trying to discover how to make chocolate more addicting to chocolate junkies, and chocolate addicting to more people! Those were my first thoughts, anyway, is that too paranoid?

Zuleikaa
Mon, Oct-15-07, 16:24
Nestle is trying to discover how to make chocolate more addicting to chocolate junkies, and chocolate addicting to more people! Those were my first thoughts, anyway, is that too paranoid?It's not paranoid, if it's true, lol!!!

NorthPeace
Mon, Oct-15-07, 19:21
Whenever I eat a lot of chocolate, my systolic bp drops about 10 points, and it can last longer than a day after eating a large chocolate bar. Anyway I stopped taking ramipril, and am having a bit of cocoa every day. The thought of taking both in the same day is just too scary.

Demi
Tue, Oct-16-07, 03:29
The Telegraph
Lodnon, UK
16 October, 2007


The science behind desire for chocolate

By Roger Highfield, Science Editor

For the first time, scientists have linked the love of chocolate to a specific, chemical signature programmed into a person's metabolism, the chemical processes that take place in body, as measured by tests on blood and urine.

Tests by Sunil Kochhar of the Nestlé Research Centre in Lausanne, Switzerland and Prof Jeremy Nicholson at Imperial College London show that this signature reads 'chocolate lover' in some people and indifference to the popular sweet in others, the researchers say today in the Journal of Proteome Research.

Prof Nicholson is the founder of "metabonomics", where scientists hunt for subtle changes in metabolism - the complex web of thousands of chemical reactions that runs a body - caused by toxins, drugs or illness, such as heart disease. Many of these are influenced by gut bacteria, which play a central role in breaking down a food such as chocolate.

In this case, the team studied 11 volunteers who classified themselves on a questionnaire as 'chocolate desiring' and 11 volunteers who were 'chocolate indifferent.' In a controlled clinical study, each subject - all men of normal weight - ate chocolate or placebo over a five day period while the make-up of chemicals in their blood and urine samples was analysed.

The 'chocolate lovers' had a hallmark metabolic profile that involved low levels of LDL-cholesterol (so-called 'bad' cholesterol) and marginally elevated levels of albumin, a beneficial protein, the scientists say.

The chocolate lovers showed this tell-tale chemical profile, a quite different pattern of fats, even when they ate no chocolate, the researchers note. The activity of the gut microbes in the chocolate lovers was also distinctively different from the other subjects, they add. "We found that we could easily distinguish the groups metabolically," said Prof Nicholson.

"This is the first demonstration that a dietary preference has an imprinted effect on your metabolism and that might link to all sorts of long term health implications- interestingly the chocolate preferring people had a better gut microbial metabolite profile than the people that don't like chocs," said Prof Nicholson.

"Chocolates are rich in antioxidant polyphenolics which are good for you (which themselves are microbially metabolised) and this could be part of the connection."

An essential ingredient in chocolate is cocoa which is rich in flavonoids, the most active polyphenols, in particular, three members of the flavanol family, catechin, epicatechin and procyanidins. Cocoa beans and chocolate generally contain more of the active polyphenols than any other food.

"It is known that by eating chocolate, catechin and epicatechin can reach the bloodstream where they can be transported around the body, helping to prevent oxidation so the body can stay healthier," said Kochhar.

"Our study shows that food preferences, including chocolate, might be programmed or imprinted into our metabolic system in such a way that the body becomes attuned to a particular diet," says Kochhar.

"We know that some people can eat a diet that is high in steak and carbs and generally remain healthy, while the same food in others is unhealthy," he explains.

"Knowing one's metabolic profile could open-the-door to dietary or nutritional interventions that are customised to your type so that your metabolism can be nudged to a healthier status."

Researchers have known for some time that the metabolic makeup and and food preferences can vary from person to person and even between different cultures.

"There's a lot of information in metabolism that can be used to improve health and this information is just now being explored and tapped," the researcher says.

Women were not included in the current study in order to avoid any metabolic variations linked to the menstrual cycle, which has been shown in studies by others to influence metabolic differences, Kochhar says. But the researchers plan to include women in future clinical trials on women who love the treat.

In addition to providing a better understanding of individual metabolic types, the current study could also lead to the discovery of additional biomarkers that can identify new health benefits linked to chocolate and other foods, says Kochhar, whose research was funded by Nestlé.


http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/main.jhtml;jsessionid=NFW5CSVFV0SE3QFIQMFCFGGAVCBQYIV0?view=DETAILS&grid=&xml=/earth/2007/10/15/scichoc215.xml

Zei
Tue, Oct-16-07, 15:55
Good to see all the financial support I give the Nestle company is being used on some nice scientific research! Maybe the Lindt chocolate company will join suit?