Ed Conrad
Thu, Feb-05-04, 05:11
< < The pseudos insist Immanuel Velikovsky was wrong with what
he wrote in his best-sellers, "Worlds in Collision" and "Earth
in Upheaval" more than a half-century ago. < Lest they forget,
for example, his astute observation about the temperature of
Venu, long before rockets would send scientific instruments
there. < Here's part of what Immanuel Velikovsky had written
in the Preface to the paperback edition of his best-seller,
"Worlds in Collision," published in the early 1960s: < <
=========================== < "The words found in the Preface
to the 1950 edition, designating the work as heresy in realms
where the names of Newton and Darwin reign supreme, should no
longer evoke the same spontaneous rejection on the part of
even the most conservative in science, unless it is a defense
mechanism devised to protect an inner realization of
incertitude. < (Velikovsky then quoted Warren Weaver in "The
Imperfections of Science," which were part of the proceedings
of the American Philosphy Society. on Oct 17, 1960.) < "What,
to the scientist, constitutes a really satisfactory sort of
success for a theory? (Weaver had asked) The answer lies
largely in the words generality, elegance, control and
prediction." < As to generality, hardly anyone raised an
objection. Possibly there was some elegance in the timing:
when these words were written in 1960, ten years after the
publication of my book and the great opposition it provoked,
some of the most compelling data were radioed by the space
vehicle, Pioneer V. < I would like to relate here a few
details about the control and prediction of two crucial tests,
decisive for this book. < Early in my work I came to the
understanding that Venus is a newcomer to the planetary
family, that it had a stormy if only short history, and that
it must still be very hot and "giving off gas;" further, that
it must be surrounded by a very extensive envelope of
hydrocarbon (petroleum) gas and dust. < Such claims were in
total disagreement with what was known in 1946 when I
completed the manuscript of the work or in 1950 when it was
published. < To stress the crucial nature of these claims,
they were put under the headings "The Gases of Venus" and "The
Thermal Balance of Venus" immediately preceding the section,
"The End." < Should I be right in these claims, the entire
chain of deductions -- of which the identification of the
extraterrestrial agent of the paroxysms described is but the
final ring -- is strengthened. < And since these crucial
claims were in flagrant discord with accepted values, in case
of confirmation they ought not to be denoted as lucky guesses.
< As late as 1959, Venus' ground temperature was calculated to
be only 17 degrees C, three degrees above the mean annual
temperature of the Earth. < But by 1961, from the nature of
the radio signals emitted by Venus, it was found that Venus'
ground temperature is about 315 degrees C, or 600 degrees F. <
Dr. F. D. Drake of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory,
responsible for this reading, wrote: "We would have
expected a temperature only slightly greater than that of
the earth." and the find was "a surprise . . . in a field
in which the fewest surprises were expected." < There was
admittedly no satisfactory explanation of such high
temperature of Venus in the frame of the accepted
notions. < Greenhouse effect could not explain so high a
temperature, nor could radioactivity decaying for
billions of years. < The Mariner II, the space vehicle
that passed Venus in December, 1962, was instrumented to
detect whether the heat is real and as high as 600
degrees. It found it real and a full 800 degrees. < It
found, also, that the night side of Venus is, if
anything, hotter than the day side and that light does
not penetrate the cloud cover.
>
====================================================
<
> Back to Dr. Velikovsky in one minute. First a message from
> our sponsor...
<
> ==================================================
<
> GREATEST CONSPIRACY IN THE HISTORY OF THE WORLD Coal-Age
> Fossils Evidence of Velikovsky's Catastrophes)
>
><==================================================
>>
>> OLDEST HUMAN SKULL EVER FOUND
>> http://www.edconrad.com/images/z11calv.jpg
>> http://www.edconrad.com/images/krogwskull.jpg
>>
>Wilton Krogman, one of the world's foremost experts on human
>anatomy, holds what he had identified as a petrified human
>calvarium, a skull with the eye sockets broken off, that was
>discovered between Pennsylvania's anthracite veins. He is
>shown at his desk at the Cooper Clinic in Lancaster, Pa.,
>where moments later he beckoned a colleague -- a medical
>doctor -- to examine "the oldest human skull ever found." < A
>CATscan was performed on this specimen with favorable
>results. <
>> http://www.edconrad.com/images/catcalv.jpg
>< Meanwhile, Haversian canals were identified in the cell
>structue, the tell-tale sign of bone. And dried blood was
>found on the specimen during testing at American Medical
>Laboratories in Chantilly, Va. < This is the official report
>from AML which had performed Calculus Analysis by
>Crystallography. The final report, dated April 21, 2000, was
>issued by Dr. Nathan Sherman, director of laboratories.
>
>> "The specimen consists of 1 irregularly shaped, brown
>> calculus weighing less than 0.0010 grams and measuring
>> 1X1X0.5
>> mm. No nidus is observed. The calculi indicates a
>> composition of dried blood intermingled with a few
>> small crystals resembling calcium oxalate dihydrate."
>>
>> http://www.edconrad.com/images/z12calv.jpg
>>
>> http://www.edconrad.com/images/z13cav.jpg
>>
>> =============================================
>>
>> OTHER PETRIFIED BONES, TEETH AND SOFT ORGANS FOUND
>> BETWEEN COAL VEINS
<
>>Here's a petrified human femur still embedded in slate.
>>> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Petrified/z8femur.jpg
>>< Here's a petrified human toe (with toe nail), found only
>>10-15 feet from the petrified finger.
>>> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Au29/MVC-016S.JPG
>>< Here are a petrified human finger and toe
>>> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Au29/MVC-016S.JPG
>>< Here's the specimen that Krogman identified as a tibia. It
>>contains Haversian canals, proof of bone, and dried blood
>>was found on it during American Medical Laboratory testing.
>>This is the specimen that was fraudulently tested by Andrew
>>MacRae (who produced microscopic photos of the cell
>>structure of a rock on the false pretext that he was showing
>>the cell structure of this specimen).
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Petrified/newtibia.jpg
>
Here's an SEM photo of cadaver bone compared with the one
Krogman identified as a portion of a petrified tibia. They
both show the inner-surface features at 2,000X magnification.
The first SEM photo shows what cadaver bone looks like, the
second offers a view of the portion of the petrified tibia at
the same magnification.
> http://www.edconrad.com/oldascoal/more.htm
<
>>This is the boulder containing the complete human skull.
>>Testing has confirmed the presence of Haversian canals
>>and American Medical Laboratories discovered it contains
>>dried blood.
> http://www.edconrad.com/oldascoal/images/skulla.jpg
> http://www.edconrad.com/oldascoal/images/skullb.jpg
>>< Here's a petrified human mandible (frontal).
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Newpix5/MVC-002S.JPG
>>< Here's a portion of a human mandible (side).
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Bones/MVC-006S.JPG
>>< Here's a giant petrified tooth.
>>>> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Petrified/1tooth.jpg
>>< Here's a petrified dinosaur foot still embedded in slate.
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Newpix3/z3dino.jpg
>>< Here's a petrified fetus of some large animal.
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Petrified/MVC-013F.JPG
>>< Here's another petrified fetus, still embedded in slate.
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Day/MVC-005S.JPG
>>< Here are several views of portion of a giant prehistoric
>>scorpion that was identified as such by Krogman.
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Scorpion/MVC-001S.JPG
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Scorpion/MVC-010S.JPG
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Scorpion/MVC-020S.JPG
>>< Here's a photo of the same portion of a petrified giant
>>scorpion -- found 22 years ago -- alongside one found just a
>>few months ago.
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/SCORPIONS/MVC-039S.JPG
>>< Here are two views of a piece of wood that appears to have
>>been handcarved for use as a tool or a weapon.
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Tool/MVC-003S.JPG
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Tool/MVC-005S.JPG
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Tool/MVC-001S.JPG
> =================================================
> =====================================================
<
>And now, back to Dr. Immanuel Velikvosky, in his own words...
< The other crucial test concerned the gaseous envelope of the
planet (Venus). < In 1946, four years before the publication
of this book, I directed a request and inquiry to Professor R.
Wildt of Yale and the late Professor W. S. Adams of Mount
Wilson and Palomar observatories, foremost authorities on the
subject of planetary atmosphere, indicating that the presence
of hydrocarbon gases and dust in the cloud envelope of Venus
would constitute a crucial test for the cosmological concepts
evolved from the study of historical sources. < Wildt wrote on
Sept. 13, 1946: "The absorption spectrum of Venus' atmosphere
cannot be interpreted as resulting from gaseous hydrocarbons."
< Adams answered (Sept. 9, 1946): "There is no evidence of the
presence of hydrocarbon gas in the atmosphere of Venus." < I
must have been completely firm in my belief of not having made
a wrong deduction -- from the first premise of global
catastrophe to the last one, of identifying the agent -- to
have chosen to print, in disregard of the expert opinions: "On
the basis of this research, I assume that Venus must be rich
in petroleum gases." < On Feb. 26, 1963, making known the
results of the Mariner probe, Dr. Homer Newell of NASA
announced that, in his judgment of those responsible for that
part of the program, Venus is enshrouded in an envelope of
hydrocarbon gases and dust, 15 miles thick, 45 miles above the
ground of the planet." < Ed Conrad
> http://www.edconrad.com
< Man as Old as Coal <
he wrote in his best-sellers, "Worlds in Collision" and "Earth
in Upheaval" more than a half-century ago. < Lest they forget,
for example, his astute observation about the temperature of
Venu, long before rockets would send scientific instruments
there. < Here's part of what Immanuel Velikovsky had written
in the Preface to the paperback edition of his best-seller,
"Worlds in Collision," published in the early 1960s: < <
=========================== < "The words found in the Preface
to the 1950 edition, designating the work as heresy in realms
where the names of Newton and Darwin reign supreme, should no
longer evoke the same spontaneous rejection on the part of
even the most conservative in science, unless it is a defense
mechanism devised to protect an inner realization of
incertitude. < (Velikovsky then quoted Warren Weaver in "The
Imperfections of Science," which were part of the proceedings
of the American Philosphy Society. on Oct 17, 1960.) < "What,
to the scientist, constitutes a really satisfactory sort of
success for a theory? (Weaver had asked) The answer lies
largely in the words generality, elegance, control and
prediction." < As to generality, hardly anyone raised an
objection. Possibly there was some elegance in the timing:
when these words were written in 1960, ten years after the
publication of my book and the great opposition it provoked,
some of the most compelling data were radioed by the space
vehicle, Pioneer V. < I would like to relate here a few
details about the control and prediction of two crucial tests,
decisive for this book. < Early in my work I came to the
understanding that Venus is a newcomer to the planetary
family, that it had a stormy if only short history, and that
it must still be very hot and "giving off gas;" further, that
it must be surrounded by a very extensive envelope of
hydrocarbon (petroleum) gas and dust. < Such claims were in
total disagreement with what was known in 1946 when I
completed the manuscript of the work or in 1950 when it was
published. < To stress the crucial nature of these claims,
they were put under the headings "The Gases of Venus" and "The
Thermal Balance of Venus" immediately preceding the section,
"The End." < Should I be right in these claims, the entire
chain of deductions -- of which the identification of the
extraterrestrial agent of the paroxysms described is but the
final ring -- is strengthened. < And since these crucial
claims were in flagrant discord with accepted values, in case
of confirmation they ought not to be denoted as lucky guesses.
< As late as 1959, Venus' ground temperature was calculated to
be only 17 degrees C, three degrees above the mean annual
temperature of the Earth. < But by 1961, from the nature of
the radio signals emitted by Venus, it was found that Venus'
ground temperature is about 315 degrees C, or 600 degrees F. <
Dr. F. D. Drake of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory,
responsible for this reading, wrote: "We would have
expected a temperature only slightly greater than that of
the earth." and the find was "a surprise . . . in a field
in which the fewest surprises were expected." < There was
admittedly no satisfactory explanation of such high
temperature of Venus in the frame of the accepted
notions. < Greenhouse effect could not explain so high a
temperature, nor could radioactivity decaying for
billions of years. < The Mariner II, the space vehicle
that passed Venus in December, 1962, was instrumented to
detect whether the heat is real and as high as 600
degrees. It found it real and a full 800 degrees. < It
found, also, that the night side of Venus is, if
anything, hotter than the day side and that light does
not penetrate the cloud cover.
>
====================================================
<
> Back to Dr. Velikovsky in one minute. First a message from
> our sponsor...
<
> ==================================================
<
> GREATEST CONSPIRACY IN THE HISTORY OF THE WORLD Coal-Age
> Fossils Evidence of Velikovsky's Catastrophes)
>
><==================================================
>>
>> OLDEST HUMAN SKULL EVER FOUND
>> http://www.edconrad.com/images/z11calv.jpg
>> http://www.edconrad.com/images/krogwskull.jpg
>>
>Wilton Krogman, one of the world's foremost experts on human
>anatomy, holds what he had identified as a petrified human
>calvarium, a skull with the eye sockets broken off, that was
>discovered between Pennsylvania's anthracite veins. He is
>shown at his desk at the Cooper Clinic in Lancaster, Pa.,
>where moments later he beckoned a colleague -- a medical
>doctor -- to examine "the oldest human skull ever found." < A
>CATscan was performed on this specimen with favorable
>results. <
>> http://www.edconrad.com/images/catcalv.jpg
>< Meanwhile, Haversian canals were identified in the cell
>structue, the tell-tale sign of bone. And dried blood was
>found on the specimen during testing at American Medical
>Laboratories in Chantilly, Va. < This is the official report
>from AML which had performed Calculus Analysis by
>Crystallography. The final report, dated April 21, 2000, was
>issued by Dr. Nathan Sherman, director of laboratories.
>
>> "The specimen consists of 1 irregularly shaped, brown
>> calculus weighing less than 0.0010 grams and measuring
>> 1X1X0.5
>> mm. No nidus is observed. The calculi indicates a
>> composition of dried blood intermingled with a few
>> small crystals resembling calcium oxalate dihydrate."
>>
>> http://www.edconrad.com/images/z12calv.jpg
>>
>> http://www.edconrad.com/images/z13cav.jpg
>>
>> =============================================
>>
>> OTHER PETRIFIED BONES, TEETH AND SOFT ORGANS FOUND
>> BETWEEN COAL VEINS
<
>>Here's a petrified human femur still embedded in slate.
>>> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Petrified/z8femur.jpg
>>< Here's a petrified human toe (with toe nail), found only
>>10-15 feet from the petrified finger.
>>> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Au29/MVC-016S.JPG
>>< Here are a petrified human finger and toe
>>> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Au29/MVC-016S.JPG
>>< Here's the specimen that Krogman identified as a tibia. It
>>contains Haversian canals, proof of bone, and dried blood
>>was found on it during American Medical Laboratory testing.
>>This is the specimen that was fraudulently tested by Andrew
>>MacRae (who produced microscopic photos of the cell
>>structure of a rock on the false pretext that he was showing
>>the cell structure of this specimen).
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Petrified/newtibia.jpg
>
Here's an SEM photo of cadaver bone compared with the one
Krogman identified as a portion of a petrified tibia. They
both show the inner-surface features at 2,000X magnification.
The first SEM photo shows what cadaver bone looks like, the
second offers a view of the portion of the petrified tibia at
the same magnification.
> http://www.edconrad.com/oldascoal/more.htm
<
>>This is the boulder containing the complete human skull.
>>Testing has confirmed the presence of Haversian canals
>>and American Medical Laboratories discovered it contains
>>dried blood.
> http://www.edconrad.com/oldascoal/images/skulla.jpg
> http://www.edconrad.com/oldascoal/images/skullb.jpg
>>< Here's a petrified human mandible (frontal).
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Newpix5/MVC-002S.JPG
>>< Here's a portion of a human mandible (side).
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Bones/MVC-006S.JPG
>>< Here's a giant petrified tooth.
>>>> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Petrified/1tooth.jpg
>>< Here's a petrified dinosaur foot still embedded in slate.
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Newpix3/z3dino.jpg
>>< Here's a petrified fetus of some large animal.
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Petrified/MVC-013F.JPG
>>< Here's another petrified fetus, still embedded in slate.
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Day/MVC-005S.JPG
>>< Here are several views of portion of a giant prehistoric
>>scorpion that was identified as such by Krogman.
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Scorpion/MVC-001S.JPG
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Scorpion/MVC-010S.JPG
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Scorpion/MVC-020S.JPG
>>< Here's a photo of the same portion of a petrified giant
>>scorpion -- found 22 years ago -- alongside one found just a
>>few months ago.
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/SCORPIONS/MVC-039S.JPG
>>< Here are two views of a piece of wood that appears to have
>>been handcarved for use as a tool or a weapon.
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Tool/MVC-003S.JPG
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Tool/MVC-005S.JPG
> http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Tool/MVC-001S.JPG
> =================================================
> =====================================================
<
>And now, back to Dr. Immanuel Velikvosky, in his own words...
< The other crucial test concerned the gaseous envelope of the
planet (Venus). < In 1946, four years before the publication
of this book, I directed a request and inquiry to Professor R.
Wildt of Yale and the late Professor W. S. Adams of Mount
Wilson and Palomar observatories, foremost authorities on the
subject of planetary atmosphere, indicating that the presence
of hydrocarbon gases and dust in the cloud envelope of Venus
would constitute a crucial test for the cosmological concepts
evolved from the study of historical sources. < Wildt wrote on
Sept. 13, 1946: "The absorption spectrum of Venus' atmosphere
cannot be interpreted as resulting from gaseous hydrocarbons."
< Adams answered (Sept. 9, 1946): "There is no evidence of the
presence of hydrocarbon gas in the atmosphere of Venus." < I
must have been completely firm in my belief of not having made
a wrong deduction -- from the first premise of global
catastrophe to the last one, of identifying the agent -- to
have chosen to print, in disregard of the expert opinions: "On
the basis of this research, I assume that Venus must be rich
in petroleum gases." < On Feb. 26, 1963, making known the
results of the Mariner probe, Dr. Homer Newell of NASA
announced that, in his judgment of those responsible for that
part of the program, Venus is enshrouded in an envelope of
hydrocarbon gases and dust, 15 miles thick, 45 miles above the
ground of the planet." < Ed Conrad
> http://www.edconrad.com
< Man as Old as Coal <